In hypomanic episodes, people are still excitable, energetic, and impulsive. However, the symptoms are milder than those associated with full-fledged manic episodes. People with cyclothymic disorder experience at least two years of hypomanic and depressive episodes. The changes in mood tend to be less severe in this form of bipolar disorder. In addition to the manic or hypomanic episode, a person with bipolar I or bipolar II disorder must have a major depressive episode.
To be diagnosed with a major depressive episode, the person must exhibit five or more of the following symptoms during the same two-week period:. While there are various types of bipolar disorder, the symptoms of depression, mania, and hypomania are similar in most people.
Also, no psychotic symptoms occur during a hypomanic episode. During a manic episode, psychotic symptoms may include delusions, hallucinations, and paranoia. In severe cases of depression, temporary hospitalization may be required. There are also some easy lifestyle changes you can make to help yourself feel better during depressive episodes.
Remember that there are many ways to boost your mood and relieve symptoms. If you find yourself having thoughts of suicide during a depressive episode, call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at Counselors are available 24 hours a day, seven days a week. All calls are anonymous.
These are some movies and TV shows that included a character with bipolar disorder and did it well. More representation can normalize a condition and…. From divulging during your first session to things you can do during and after additional visits, Healthline offers 10 tips for making the most of…. Here are some factors to consider before talking with your doctor about trying a different treatment plan for bipolar disorder.
Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. Medically reviewed by Timothy J. Legg, Ph. Start a healthy routine Structure your day Have no fear Be active Be social Reduce stress Find support Bipolar disorder DSM diagnostic criteria Symptoms Bottom line Overview Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental illness that causes severe changes in mood. You'll probably need to make lifestyle changes to stop cycles of behavior that worsen your bipolar disorder. Here are some steps to take:. There isn't much research on alternative or complementary medicine — sometimes called integrative medicine — and bipolar disorder.
Most of the studies are on major depression, so it isn't clear how these nontraditional approaches work for bipolar disorder. If you choose to use alternative or complementary medicine in addition to your physician-recommended treatment, take some precautions first:.
You may start by seeing your primary care doctor or a psychiatrist. You may want to take a family member or friend along to your appointment, if possible, for support and to help remember information. Your doctor will likely ask you a number of questions. Be ready to answer them to reserve time to go over any points you want to focus on. Your doctor may ask:. Bipolar disorder care at Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products.
Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Diagnosis To determine if you have bipolar disorder, your evaluation may include: Physical exam. Your doctor may do a physical exam and lab tests to identify any medical problems that could be causing your symptoms.
Psychiatric assessment. Your doctor may refer you to a psychiatrist, who will talk to you about your thoughts, feelings and behavior patterns. You may also fill out a psychological self-assessment or questionnaire. With your permission, family members or close friends may be asked to provide information about your symptoms. Mood charting. You may be asked to keep a daily record of your moods, sleep patterns or other factors that could help with diagnosis and finding the right treatment.
Criteria for bipolar disorder. Your psychiatrist may compare your symptoms with the criteria for bipolar and related disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-5 , published by the American Psychiatric Association. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Reilly-Harrington NA et al. Journal of Affective Disorders. Bipolar and related disorders.
Arlington, Va. Accessed Dec. Bipolar disorder. National Institute of Mental Health. Bipolar disorder in children and teens. National Alliance on Mental Illness.
Rochester, Minn. Suppes T, et al. They may also be used as a long-term mood stabiliser. Quetiapine may also be used for long-term bipolar depression. Antipsychotic medicines can be particularly useful if symptoms are severe or behaviour is disturbed. As antipsychotics can cause side effects, such as blurred vision, a dry mouth, constipation and weight gain, the initial dose will usually be low.
If you're prescribed an antipsychotic medicine, you'll need to have regular health checks at least every 3 months, but possibly more often, particularly if you have diabetes. If your symptoms do not improve, you may be offered lithium and valproate as well. You may be prescribed a combination of lithium and valproate if you experience rapid cycling, where you quickly change from highs to lows without a "normal" period in between.
If this does not help, you may be offered lithium on its own, or a combination of lithium, valproate and lamotrigine. But you will not usually be prescribed an antidepressant unless an expert in bipolar disorder has recommended it.
If you have bipolar disorder, you can learn to recognise the warning signs of an approaching episode of mania or depression. A community mental health worker, such as a psychiatric nurse, may be able to help you identify your early signs of relapse from your history.
This will not prevent the episode occurring, but it'll allow you to get help in time. This may mean making some changes to your treatment, perhaps by adding an antidepressant or antipsychotic medicine to the mood-stabilising medication you're already taking. Some people find psychological treatment helpful when used alongside medicine in between episodes of mania or depression.
Psychological treatment usually consists of around 16 sessions. Each session lasts an hour and takes place over a period of 6 to 9 months. One of the main problems is that the risks of taking bipolar medicines during pregnancy are not well understood.
If you're pregnant and you have bipolar disorder, a written plan for your treatment should be developed as soon as possible. The plan should be drawn up with you, your partner, your obstetrician pregnancy specialist , midwife, GP and health visitor. The following medicines are not routinely prescribed for pregnant women with bipolar disorder, as they may harm the baby:.
If you become pregnant while taking medicine that's been prescribed for bipolar disorder, it's important that you do not stop taking it until you have discussed it with your doctor. If bipolar medicine is prescribed for bipolar disorder after the baby's born, it may also affect your decision whether to breastfeed. Your pharmacist, midwife or mental health team can give you advice based on your circumstances.
Page last reviewed: 14 March Next review due: 14 March Treatment - Bipolar disorder. Treatment options for bipolar disorder If a person is not treated, episodes of bipolar-related mania can last for between 3 and 6 months. These can include 1 or more of the following: medicine to prevent episodes of mania and depression — these are known as mood stabilisers, and you take them every day on a long-term basis medicine to treat the main symptoms of depression and mania when they happen learning to recognise the triggers and signs of an episode of depression or mania psychological treatment — such as talking therapies, which help you deal with depression and provide advice on how to improve relationships lifestyle advice — such as doing regular exercise , planning activities you enjoy that give you a sense of achievement, and advice on improving your diet and getting more sleep Most people with bipolar disorder can receive most of their treatment without having to stay in hospital.
Medicines for bipolar disorder Several medicines are available to help stabilise mood swings. These are commonly called mood stabilisers and include: lithium anticonvulsant medicines antipsychotic medicines If you're already taking medicine for bipolar disorder and you develop depression, your GP will check you're taking the correct dose.
Find out more about antidepressants If your GP or psychiatrist recommends you stop taking bipolar disorder medicine, the dose should be gradually reduced over at least 4 weeks, and up to 3 months if you're taking an antipsychotic or lithium. Lithium In the UK, lithium is the main medicine used to treat bipolar disorder.
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